段落1、需求

在Ubuntu 20.04 LTS环境上，编译安装MySQL数据库

段落2、部署实施

更新包索引

apt-get update

安装MySQL Server

apt install mysql-server

安装的一些包信息如下

The following NEW packages will be installed:
  libcgi-fast-perl libcgi-pm-perl libencode-locale-perl libevent-core-2.1-7
  libevent-pthreads-2.1-7 libfcgi-perl libhtml-parser-perl libhtml-tagset-perl
  libhtml-template-perl libhttp-date-perl libhttp-message-perl libio-html-perl
  liblwp-mediatypes-perl libmecab2 libtimedate-perl liburi-perl mecab-ipadic
  mecab-ipadic-utf8 mecab-utils mysql-client-8.0 mysql-client-core-8.0
  mysql-common mysql-server mysql-server-8.0 mysql-server-core-8.0
0 upgraded, 25 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 31.4 MB of archives.
After this operation, 262 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] Y

段落3、MySQL的安全加固

mysql_secure_installation

Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No: y


LOW    Length >= 8
MEDIUM Length >= 8, numeric, mixed case, and special characters
STRONG Length >= 8, numeric, mixed case, special characters and dictionary                  file

Please enter 0 = LOW, 1 = MEDIUM and 2 = STRONG: 2

// 数据MySQL数据库root用户的密码，密码可自定义，假设密码为，CbA5_eaC8_b0d4_Ff0a_2b76，输入密码时候，密码不显示，直接输入按回车
New password: CbA5_eaC8_b0d4_Ff0a_2b76
Re-enter new password: CbA5_eaC8_b0d4_Ff0a_2b76


Estimated strength of the password: 100 
Do you wish to continue with the password provided?(Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : Y

// 移除匿名用户
Remove anonymous users? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : Y

// 禁止root远程登录
Disallow root login remotely? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : N

// 移除测试库实例
Remove test database and access to it? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : Y

// 重载一下权限
Reload privilege tables now? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : Y

段落4、创建数据库的普通帐号

root@UK-d68b93f1d5:~# mysql -u root -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 10
Server version: 8.0.28-0ubuntu0.20.04.3 (Ubuntu)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> 

// 数据库的版本信息
Server version: 8.0.28-0ubuntu0.20.04.3 (Ubuntu)

// 进入数据库，需要输入刚刚的密码
root@server:~# mysql -u root -p

// 创建数据库的普通用户 wordpress，看你本地版本，选择创建普通用户的命令，二选一执行
// MySQL 8.0, caching_sha2_password is the default authentication plugin
// MySQL 5.7, mysql_native_password is the default
mysql> CREATE USER 'wordpress'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH caching_sha2_password BY 'wordpress_57AADFEF668Ae2E8E6285858';
mysql> CREATE USER 'wordpress'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'wordpress_57AADFEF668Ae2E8E6285858';

// 如果是删除普通用户 wordpress
mysql> DROP USER 'wordpress'@'localhost';

// 如果是删除普通的数据库实例 wordpress
mysql> drop database wordpress;

// 查看数据库中的用户
mysql> select User from mysql.user;

// 查看数据库中的数据库实例
mysql> show databases;

// 创建一个数据库实例 wordpress
// MySQL 8.0比较推荐使用 utf8mb4
// MySQL 5.5比较推荐使用 utf8
// MySQL supports two kinds of UTF8 character sets: utf8 and utf8mb4
// MySQL's utf8mb4 character table is a superset of BMP and contains also 4-bytes characters. This character tables is supported since MySQL 5.5.3
// MySQL version 5.5.3 or later, use the utf8mb4 character set
mysql> create database wordpress character set utf8mb4 collate utf8mb4_bin;
mysql> create database wordpress character set utf8 collate utf8_bin;

// 把普通数据库账号和数据库实例关联起来
mysql> GRANT ALL privileges ON wordpress.* to wordpress@localhost;

// 也可以只把某个表的权限给到数据库用户
mysql> GRANT PRIVILEGE ON wordpress.tablename TO 'wordpress'@'host';

// 如果是单项权限的修改，可参考命令
mysql> GRANT CREATE, ALTER, DROP, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, SELECT, REFERENCES, RELOAD on wordpress.* TO 'wordpress'@'localhost' WITH GRANT OPTION;

// 权限生效
mysql> flush privileges;

// 推出交互
mysql> exit

// 查看MySQL服务状态 
systemctl status mysql.service
systemctl restart mysql.service